Rodafnidia at Lisvori on Lesvos is an open-air Paleolithic site that is being systematically excavated (2012-16) by the University of Crete and an international work team under the supervision of Nena Galanidou. The site extends over a low hill delimited by two streams that flow into the Gulf of Kalloni. It has produced numerous stone tools that span the Lower and the Middle Palaeolithic. A large component of the lithic assemblage consists of Acheulean artifacts, dated, on the basis of technology, to the Middle Pleistocene (780,000 – 125,000 BP). The lithic industry derives from fluvio-lacustrine deposits, in a landscape sculpted by volcanic activity, where high quality lithic raw materials are abundant. The excavation sheds light on an unknown aspect of the early prehistory of the island and the NE Mediterranean, as it unveils the first large-scale Acheulean site in Greece. The finds connect the early archaeology of Greece to global research on Human Origins and Evolution, and the hominin expansion ‘Out of Africa’ and ‘Out of Asia’ into Europe and vice versa.